The nisba (attributive title), Al-Ansari, in his name, suggests origin from the Medinian tribe of Al-Ansar, thus, tracing his ancestry back to Medina in the Arabian peninsula. His birth date is not known for sure, however, scholars agree that it was after 936, the year his birthplace city of Azahara was founded. Īl-Zahrawi was born in the city of Azahara, 8 kilometers northwest of Cordoba, Andalusia. He also developed surgical devices for Caesarean sections and cataract surgeries. He was the first physician to identify the hereditary nature of haemophilia and describe an abdominal pregnancy, a subtype of ectopic pregnancy that in those days was a fatal affliction, and was the first to discover the root cause of paralysis. He pioneered the use of catgut for internal stitches, and his surgical instruments are still used today to treat people. Al-Zahrawi's pioneering contributions to the field of surgical procedures and instruments had an enormous impact in the East and West well into the modern period, where some of his discoveries are still applied in medicine to this day. The surgery chapter of this work was later translated into Latin, attaining popularity and becoming the standard textbook in Europe for the next five hundred years. Īl-Zahrawi's principal work is the Kitab al-Tasrif, a thirty-volume encyclopedia of medical practices. Considered to be the greatest surgeon of the Middle Ages, he has been referred to as the "father of modern surgery". Founder of medieval surgical and medical instruments, writing Kitab al-TasrifĪbu Muhammad bin Hazm, Guy de Chauliac, Jacques DaléchampsĪbū al-Qāsim Khalaf ibn al-'Abbās al-Zahrāwī al-Ansari ( Arabic: أبو القاسم خلف بن العباس الزهراوي 936–1013), popularly known as al-Zahrawi ( الزهراوي), Latinised as Abulcasis (from Arabic Abū al-Qāsim), was an Arab Andalusian physician, surgeon and chemist.
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